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211.
夏季黄海表面冷水对大气边界层及海雾的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
海表面温度(SST)是海气界面上的1个物理量,受到海洋潮汐、海底地形等因素影响,并对海洋大气边界层有着重要的影响.夏季的黄海,由于黄海冷水团的存在和陆架锋的影响,或是潮汐混合的作用导致海水的垂直混合,使海表面温度的分布产生复杂的结构.通过对卫星观测的海表面温度数据分析,发现在夏季黄海有几个SST冷中心的存在:辽东半岛以及山东半岛的顶端、朝鲜半岛的西侧、山东半岛南侧、江苏外海和黄海南部等.本文利用一系列船舶观测资料、卫星遥感数据、再分析数据分析等,并运用数值模拟研究黄海的冷中心对其上大气的影响.在冷区之上,大气稳定度增加,抑制了近海面大气的垂直混合,使海表面风速减弱.通过对船测数据的分析,在冷区位置有海雾多发区的存在,黄海南部冷区上的海雾发生频率达到15％以上.Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)模式的数值模拟表明,冷中心降低上空的温度,使海表面风速减弱,形成厚度达500m的逆温层,为海雾的形成创造了有利的条件.与船测数据结果所不同的是黄海南部冷中心之上的海雾发生频率可以达到30％,去掉冷区影响的试验表明冷区较冷的海表面温度最多可以使海雾的发生频率增加15％以上. 相似文献
212.
In this paper, we characterize the North Yellow Sea (NYS) water masses in summer by analyzing temperature and salinity data
surveyed in 2006. The Liaonan Coastal Water is characterized by low salinity westward and southward flow paths. The westward
path flows parallel to land, turns to the south, then to the southeast adjacent to the mouth of the Lüshun River, where it
mixes with other coastal water directly to the southwest. It becomes the main source of low salinity water in the deep water
area west of 123°E. The high-salinity Lubei Coastal Water is the remnant of the winter Lubei Coastal Water, which is located
mostly in a small area between Yantai and Weihai, and does not originate in the Bohai Sea Coastal Water. The two NYS zones
demarcated at 123°E have distinctly different temperature and salinity characteristics. There are two high-salinity centers
east of 123°E, whereas there is low-salinity water to the west whose temperature and salinity structures are complex, composed
of the coastal water south of Chengshantou, the Liaonan Coastal Water and the Bohai Sea Water. 相似文献
213.
利用基于FVCOM(Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model)模式同化沿岸验潮站数据的高分辨率潮汐数值模型结果,分析研究了包含中国近海、日本海和鄂霍次克海在内的西北太平洋海域全日、半日分潮的潮能通量与耗散。西北太平洋的潮波能量分3支,分别传入鄂霍次克海、东海和南海。传入东海的半日潮波能量是传入南海的3倍左右;传入南海的全日潮波能量是传入东海的5倍多。传入中国东部海域的M2分潮能中,有64.3%耗散在东海,32.4%耗散在黄海,仅有3.2%耗散在渤海;而K1分潮能中分别有48.2%、31.4%及7.1%耗散在东海、黄海及渤海。进入南海的潮能中,仅有32.7%的M2分潮能和38.3%的K1分潮能耗散在南海的北部海域,另有23.9%的M2分潮能进入并耗散在台湾海峡,其余则进入南海南部。传入日本海的太平洋潮能很少。鄂霍次克海消耗的全日潮能是半日潮能的2倍。 相似文献
214.
A numerical study of tidal asymmetry: preferable asymmetry of nonlinear mechanisms in Xiangshan Bay,East China Sea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In-situ measurements in Xiangshan Bay, the East China Sea, show that the duration of the rising tide is shorter than that of the falling tide around the bay mouth, while it becomes much longer in the inner bay. A finite volume coastal ocean model (FVCOM) with an unstructured mesh was applied to simulate the asymmetric tidal field of Xiangshan Bay. The model reproduced the observed tidal elevations and currents successfully. Several numerical experiments were conducted to clarify the roles of primary mechanisms underlying the asymmetric tidal field. According to the model results, the time-varying channel depth and nonlinear advection prefer shorter duration of the rising tide in Xiangshan Bay, while the time-varying bay width favors longer duration of the rising tide. The overtides generated by these two opposite types of nonlinear mechanisms are out of phase, resulting in smaller M4 amplitude than the sumfold of each individual contribution. Although the bottom friction as a nonlinear mechanism contributes little to the generation of overtide M4, it is regarded as a mechanism that could cause a shorter duration of the rising tide, for it can slow down the M2 phase speed much more than it slows down the M4 phase speed. The time-varying depth, nonlinear advection and bottom friction are dominating factors around the bay mouth, while the time-varying width dominates in the inner bay, causing the tidal elevation asymmetry to be inverted along the bay. 相似文献
215.
影响北极冰下海洋Ekman漂流垂直结构与深度因素的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Ekman漂流是上层海洋普遍存在的一种运动形式。本文提出了用实测温盐数据计算冰下Ekman流速的计算方法,与2010年北极考察期间同步获取的海流剖面数据进行比较,获得了满意的结果。基于这个结果,可以通过比较容易获得的温盐数据,计算Ekman漂流垂直结构。海水层化的存在导致在跃层处湍流黏性系数减小,强烈抑制了流速的向下传播,致使Ekman漂流在跃层处完全消失。结果表明,冬季上层海洋漂流会发生在较大的深度上,而夏季海冰拖曳引起的漂流只能达到20～30m的深度。Ekman漂流的深度只与跃层的深度有关,与海冰的漂移速度无关。漂流层变浅意味着海冰拖曳做功产生的能量不能进入海洋深处,而是在很浅的表层水体内积聚,有利于加剧海冰的底部融化。计算湍流黏性系数通常需要密度剖面和流速剖面的观测结果,在只有密度剖面的情况下,可以采用本文的方法计算Ekman漂流,获得上层海洋的湍流黏性系数剖面。 相似文献
216.
A 41-year Antarctic sea ice concentration(SIC) dataset derived from satellite passive microwave radiometers during the period of 1979–2019 has been used to analyze sea ice changes in recent decades. The trends of SIC and sea ice extent(SIE) are calculated during the periods of 1979–2019, 1979–2013, and 2014–2019. The trends show regionally dependent features. The SIC shows an increasing trend in most of the regions except the Bellingshausen Sea and Amundsen Sea(BA) during 1979–2019 and 1979–2013. The SIE trend shows a decreasing or decelerating trend in the period of 1979–2019((6 835±2 210) km2/a) compared with the 1979–2013 period((18 600±2 203) km~2/a). In recent years(2014–2019), the SIC and SIE have exhibited decreasing trends(–(34 567±3 521) km~2/month), especially in the Weddell Sea(WS) and Ross Sea(RS) during summer and autumn. The trends are related to regionally dependent causes. The analyses show that the SIC and SIE decreased in response to the warming trend of 2 m air temperature(T_(a-2m)) and have exhibited a good relationship with T_(a-2m) in summer and autumn in recent years. The sea ice decrease in the Antarctic is mainly caused by increases in absorbed energy and southward energy transportation in recent years, such as the increase in gained solar radiation and moist static energy from the south, which demonstrate notable regional characteristics. In the WS region, the local positive feedback from the additional absorbed solar radiation, resulting in warmer air and reduced sea ice, is the main reason for the sea ice decrease in recent years. The increase in southward energy transport has also favored a decrease in sea ice. In the RS region, the increase in southward-transported moist static energy has contributed to the decrease in sea ice, and the increases in cloud cover and longwave radiation have prevented sea ice growth. 相似文献
217.
南海季风实验(SCSMEX)期间,由台湾大学在南海中部深海盆投放了3个定点ATLAS浮标,用来观测长时间序列的水温、海流和气象数据。利用调和分析和EOF方法对1998年10月至1999年4月3个站点近6个月的流速观测资料进行分析,研究了观测海区的潮流空间结构特征。调和分析结果表明,该海区以全日潮流为主,潮流椭圆随深度旋转,且潮流以顺时针旋转为主,潮流振幅存在显著的垂向变化。对实测海流进行10~30 h的带通滤波保留潮周期部分,滤波后的潮流进行EOF分解得到潮流存在不同的垂向模态,证明南海深水海盆潮流具有较强的斜压性。 相似文献